A migraine is a headache that causes intense, throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head. It can be accompanied by symptoms like nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound, and sometimes visual disturbances called aura.

Migraines are often triggered by certain factors such as stress, hormonal changes, certain foods, or environmental factors. The exact cause isn't fully understood, but it involves abnormal brain activity affecting nerve signals, chemicals, and blood flow in the brain. Migraine attacks can last a few hours to several days, severely affecting daily activities. Treatment includes medications to relieve pain and prevent future attacks, along with lifestyle changes to reduce triggers.